Tobacco cigarette smoking and patellar reflex depression
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Waterpipe tobacco smoking and cigarette equivalence.
or aspiration of frank pus requires drainage of pleural cavity, we wish to point out that, in the majority of cases, this can be done safely by ‘specialist teams’withinworkinghoursanddoesnot require urgent out-of-hours chest drain insertions.3 3. The National Patient Safety Agency 2008 rapid response entitled Risk of chest drain insertion highlights the potential and sometimes fatal complicatio...
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Background: Smoking causes 5.2 million deaths annually in the world of which 70% occur in developing countries. Hookah smoking is increasing around the world especially in the Eastern Mediterranean Region including Iran. This study was carried out to evaluate the pattern of tobacco smoking in both forms of cigarette and hookah smoking. Materials and Methods: A crosssectional study was conducted...
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Michael Dixon and Stewart Massey (April 22, p 1317) criticise our review of internal research by British American Tobacco (BAT) and Imperial Tobacco Limited (ITL) on smoking behaviour and product design. They dispute the notion that BAT and ITL have exploited the international testing standards for cigarette emission. Our paper describes internal documents which suggest that BAT designed produc...
متن کاملWaterpipe tobacco and cigarette smoking among university students in Jordan.
SETTING While waterpipe and cigarette smoking have been well studied in Syria and Lebanon, data from Jordan are limited. OBJECTIVES To characterize the relative prevalence of waterpipe tobacco and cigarette smoking among university students in Jordan, and to compare the demographic and environmental factors associated with each form of tobacco use. DESIGN We surveyed 1845 students randomly...
متن کاملWaterpipe tobacco and cigarette smoking: direct comparison of toxicant exposure.
BACKGROUND Waterpipe (hookah, shisha) tobacco smoking has spread worldwide. Many waterpipe smokers believe that, relative to cigarettes, waterpipes are associated with lower smoke toxicant levels and fewer health risks. For physicians to address these beliefs credibly, waterpipe use and cigarette smoking must be compared directly. PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to provide the first cont...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
سال: 1969
ISSN: 0009-9236
DOI: 10.1002/cpt196910172